Pathological formations such as papillomas can appear in any person.Moreover, the older he is, the more number of them can be in the body.To answer the question of why papillomas appear on human skin, it is necessary to study their nature in more detail.This formation is a small benign tumor that develops from epithelial cells.They are located on the epidermis in the form of irregularly shaped drops.Sometimes papillomas do not appear on the body, but on mucous membranes, ligaments and some organs.
The pathogen that causes the appearance of papillomas on the body is human papillomavirus (HPV).Once it enters the body, it stays there forever.
Species
Experts distinguish more than a hundred types of this neoplasm.Fortunately, 5 of them appear most often on the human body.They are all different from each other:
- simple,which occurs at the top.They can exist for decades, but sometimes disappear on their own.They are most often observed in children and adolescents.
- flat,common on the neck, face, upper limbs.Sometimes they are the main factor in skin inflammation.
- plantar,causing severe discomfort and pain.They affect the legs.
- like thread,common in adults and the elderly.Most often they are formed in the neck, groin area and armpits.Such papillomas are often localized in the eye area.
- pointing,which is often called condyloma.They form on the genitals and are very dangerous.
Infection
Understanding why papillomas appear on the body, it is necessary to understand how the virus enters the body.There are the following ways to get infected with HPV:
- relationships and households;
- sexual;
- generic.
Pathogens penetrate even through microscopic damage to the skin.Infection of newborns occurs in the birth canal of mothers - papillomavirus carriers.After infection, children often develop anogenital warts or develop laryngeal papillomatosis.
Because of appearance
Naturally, the main reason for the formation of papillomas is HPV, but sometimes it does not show itself for years, and under favorable conditions it begins to actively develop in the body.There are various factors that trigger the development of the disease.Causes of papilloma:
- low immunity;
- frequent infectious diseases;
- depression and stress;
- alcoholism;
- prolonged use of drugs, especially antibiotics;
- frequent changes of sexual partners;
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
- visiting public places such as saunas, baths, swimming pools, beaches.
Despite the fact that the causes of the appearance of viruses are different, the combination of several factors provokes the growth of a large number of tumors in the body.
The danger of papillomas
A person with HPV is at risk of getting cancer, because some types of papillomavirus are distinguished by high oncogenicity.
Often they are the main cause of the appearance of malignant tumors in the genital area.Tumors most often develop in older people, although recently they also appear in relatively young women.
Papillomavirus often causes cervical erosion, which increases the risk of cancer.For men, the virus does not pose a particular danger, because the likelihood of them developing a malignant tumor is very low.Genital papilloma causes certain discomfort, which can interfere with a full sexual life.
Tumors on this body are often damaged.Injuries and infections of papillomas located in places where clothing rubs off and on the bends of limbs are very dangerous.
Often, when shaving, men damage the formations located on the face and neck.But any mechanical injury can cause infection and their degeneration into malignant tumors.
Signs and diagnosis
After HPV enters the body, the incubation period lasts for 2-3 months.In some cases it can last for several years.At the same time, the virus does not reveal itself in any way, but under favorable conditions, papillomas quickly appear on the body.Signs of this neoplasm:
- Simple papillomahard with a rough surface.The size can vary from 1 mm to several millimeters.They are often localized in groups.They are formed on the palms, fingers and popliteal cavity.Such papillomas grow when the immune system does not work.
- Flat papillomaThe color is practically indistinguishable from skin color.They resemble a cone with a flat top.These formations often become red and itchy.
- Plantar formationvery reminiscent of calluses.In the early stages of development, small lump-like neoplasms appear, gradually turning into papillomas with a characteristic rim.A smaller daughter formation appeared next to her.
- Filiform papillomaThey are yellowish cones that gradually grow in length.Their size can reach 1-6 mm.
- Condyloma acuminataappears when the immune system does not work.In healthy conditions, this type of virus can be inactive for decades.Under the influence of provoking factors, characteristic formations appear on the genitals.In men, they are located on the scrotum, head of the penis and frenulum.In women, they appear on the clitoris, cervix, labia, vagina, and anus.These painless formations, ranging in size from 1 mm to several centimeters, have a thin stalk.They have a fleshy, pink or reddish color.
A dermatologist will help diagnose specific types of HPV.Specialists such as urologists and gynecologists also examine the genitals for the presence of tumors.To determine the oncogenicity of papillomas, blood tests are performed using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and DNA diagnostics.As a rule, experts recommend conducting the same study to the patient's sexual partners.
Women, in addition to the above tests, undergo colposcopy and genital organ biopsy.Patients whose papillomavirus is oncogenic undergo a medical examination with a gynecologist twice a year.Pregnancy planning involves early diagnosis and treatment of the virus.If genital warts are detected in pregnant women, experts recommend the removal of these tumors.
Treatment
Papilloma can be treated using different methods.Often they are removed using various modern methods.These include:
- cryo destruction;
- laser destruction;
- thermocoagulation;
- chemical destruction;
- radiosurgery removal.
If HPV is detected in the body, conservative treatment is prescribed, where special drugs are used.They stop the virus from multiplying and increase the activity of immune cells.When the cervix is affected, a special ointment is also used, which is applied topically.Papillomavirus treatment should be comprehensive.
Prevention
Eliminating these tumors is more difficult than preventing their occurrence.Knowing why papilloma occurs on the body, a person can protect himself as much as possible from this viral infection.To do this, it is not enough just to eliminate the cause of the disease, but it is necessary to carry out regular rehabilitation therapy.You should also observe all personal hygiene rules.
Since no one is immune from papillomavirus, one should strengthen the body's immune system, maintain hygiene, practice protected sex, and immediately treat diseases of the nervous system.If this tumor appears, you should definitely undergo an examination by a doctor, who will determine the type of HPV and recommend treatment.